Visit The *EVEN NEWER* Barrow-Downs Photo Page |
|
View Poll Results: Who delivered the final blow? | |||
Elendil | 7 | 25.00% | |
Gil-Galad | 3 | 10.71% | |
Isildur | 18 | 64.29% | |
Voters: 28. You may not vote on this poll |
|
Thread Tools | Display Modes |
12-05-2005, 12:29 PM | #1 | |||
Gibbering Gibbet
Join Date: Feb 2004
Location: Beyond cloud nine
Posts: 1,844
|
Who delivered the final blow?
This is a copy of a PM I received from Boromir88 -- it's pretty self-explanatory (and interesting).
Quote:
__________________
Scribbling scrabbling. |
|||
12-05-2005, 12:49 PM | #2 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
I Went with Isidur. Sauron would have probably recovered from whatever Gil-Galad and Elendil did to him, but when he lost the ring he lost part of his strenght/power and was defeated (but not killed)
As the question is "who delivered the final blow?" I'll say Isidur. He delivered the final blow, even if the whole situation was staged by Gil-Galad and Elendil |
12-05-2005, 02:04 PM | #3 | |
Laconic Loreman
|
Thanks Fordim, for going through with it.
I think the biggest question comes in was, Sauron "mortally" (as in his body) wounded by Gil-galad and Elendil? Or was he not "dead" until Isildur cuts the Ring from his finger? Isildur boasts that he delivered the final blow, but again this could be nothing more than him bragging. (And I can certainly see Isildur as the bragging type). So, the biggest question is. Would Sauron have been able to recover (meaning his physical body wasn't "mortally wounded") if Isildur hadn't cut off the Ring? I agree with Farael, because to me this quote here... Quote:
However, I think there's other quotes referring to Elendil and Gil-galad as "overthrowing" Sauron. So, really, it just seems like a toss-up. Whether Sauron's body was dead before Isildur cut the Ring, and perhaps his spirit just decided to leave it's "dead body" after Isildur cut off the Ring. Perhaps, his body was already "dead" before Isildur cut off the Ring, his spirit just decided to leave after the Ring was cut off?
__________________
Fenris Penguin
|
|
12-05-2005, 02:39 PM | #4 |
Beloved Shadow
|
Perhaps no one delivered a killing blow. Maybe, even after his Ring was cut off, he would not have died had he been left alone.
But Sauron knew that he was injured, his forces were defeated, his Ring was not directly under his control, and that he would soon be "killed", and so chose to leave his physical form before he suffered an actual death blow- a blow that would have left him no choice but to die.
__________________
the phantom has posted.
This thread is now important. |
12-05-2005, 02:43 PM | #5 |
Cryptic Aura
Join Date: May 2002
Posts: 5,996
|
Oh gosh, I saw the poll title and was hoping I could pick--or do a write-in--for Peter Jackson.
__________________
I’ll sing his roots off. I’ll sing a wind up and blow leaf and branch away. |
12-05-2005, 02:49 PM | #6 | |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
|
|
12-05-2005, 04:56 PM | #7 |
Regal Dwarven Shade
Join Date: Jan 2002
Location: A Remote Dwarven Hold
Posts: 3,592
|
Guess what...
This makes two polls in a row where I'm going to have to abstain for lack of evidence.
I don't think Tolkien's account allows for certainty. We don't know enough details about what happened.
__________________
...finding a path that cannot be found, walking a road that cannot be seen, climbing a ladder that was never placed, or reading a paragraph that has no... |
12-05-2005, 06:15 PM | #8 |
Wight
|
Guess I'm gonna have to abstain from this one too. T'wasn't really a killing blow now, was it? Hmmm...
__________________
Ú cilith ‘war. Ú men ‘war. Boe min mebi. Boe min bango. |
12-05-2005, 06:28 PM | #9 |
Maundering Mage
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Texas
Posts: 4,648
|
I just don't see that robbing Sauron of his ring would 'kill' him, so to speak. The fact is he lived after when Gollum, Bilbo and Frodo had his ring. Therefore it is evident that Isildur courageously cut the ring from an already 'dead' Sauron, thus robbing him of a great source of power. The final blow was delivered by either Elendil or Gil-Galad and I choose Gil-Galad because, quite frankly, I like him better.
__________________
“I wish it need not have happened in my time," said Frodo. "So do I," said Gandalf, "and so do all who live to see such times. But that is not for them to decide. All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us.” |
12-05-2005, 06:56 PM | #10 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Sep 2005
Location: I don't know. Eastern ME doesn't have maps.
Posts: 527
|
To talk sense into fanatical Sauron fans that may visit the board and think that Sauron is their "Ultra super-duper badguy!11", Sauron isn't that great. The Tale of Beren and Luthien shows that he is highly egotistical and lacking combat experience, even stupid(sending the wolves one by one and attacking Luthien when she was no threat to him and Huan had just dropped his guard.)
With this past experience, I doubt Sauron would have gotten up a few seconds later. I believe that Isildur, as previously stated, bravely cut the ring off of a dead Sauron. I feel that Elendil slew Sauron. Gil-Galad falling by the black hand is mentioned first and even though it(a passage) was mainly written to say that Narsil broke, I believe the passage is also saying that Elendil lived longer and dealt the finishing blow. This is just my opinion.
__________________
"And forth went Morgoth, and he was halted by the elves. Then went Sauron, who was stopped by a dog and then aged men. Finally, there came the Witch-King, who destroyed Arnor, but nobody seems to remember that." -A History of Villains Last edited by The 1,000 Reader; 12-06-2005 at 05:18 PM. |
12-05-2005, 07:11 PM | #11 | |
Laconic Loreman
|
I think Kuru puts it quite simply, yet makes a very good point. There's not a lot of info as far as the actual battle in concerned. And also, the info that we do have is rather ambiguous or even contradicting.
Ambiguous as in, whether Sauron was dead before Isildur cut off the Ring, and his spirit only decided to leave after the Ring was cut from his hand. Or, whether it was the cutting off of the Ring that did Sauron in and forced his spirit to flee the body. Contradicting as in, it was Elendil and Gil-galad who "overthrew Sauron" (but as Farael says this could just mean that since Elendil and Gil-galad were the "Generals" there army "overthrew" Sauron's army). Or it was Elendil and Gil-galad who literally "thred" down and killed Sauron (physically). Then we have Isildur, who grant it could just be boasting about the entire thing. Mormegil brings up a good point: Quote:
And I like the logic 1,000 Reader uses to pick Elendil, over Gil-galad. But, perhaps there should have been a fourth option in that it was both Elendil and Gil-galad, because they are both given the credit. But, I think since the question is who delivered the final blow, then it's gotta be one person. And we get back to not enough info to determine. So, basically it's whatever you believe and supporting it.
__________________
Fenris Penguin
|
|
12-05-2005, 08:43 PM | #12 |
La Belle Dame sans Merci
|
I voted for Isildur simply because he literally did deal the final blow. Perhaps it wouldn't have "killed" Sauron if he hadn't already been so injured, but chronologically speaking, Isildur got the last hit in before Sauron "died". That's final enough for me.
__________________
peace
|
12-05-2005, 09:38 PM | #13 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Feb 2004
Location: Someday, I'll rule all of it.
Posts: 1,696
|
Initially, I was just going to pick Isildur as an obvious yes. Then, I read down the posts, and reconsidered. After a second reconsideration, I'm going with my first choice. Allow me to explain:
Gil-galad and Elendil may have knocked Sauron down and "disabled" him, as it were, long enough for Isildur to come in and do his hand-choppy action. It was the loss of the ring that cuased the loss of the physical body. Why? He had poured som much of himself into the ring that with out it, he no longer had the strength to maintain a physical form. That sort of thing takes energy, and the sudden loss was like getting the wind knocked out of him. He needed time to recover, to gather strength with out the ring before he could take any shape whatsoever. Even then, his physical form was far more limited than it had been with the ring. (Come on- he was a giant eye, for goodness sake. What could he do, blink at his enemies?) He had to rely on his other abilities to get anything done, the foremost being the ability to get his cronies to do the physical work. To summarize- the loss of the ring cuased the loss of his power to overcome entropy, and since Isildur caused it, he gets the credit. Way to go Gil-galad and Elendil with the assist.
__________________
We can't all be Roas when it comes to analysing... -Lommy I didn't say you're evil, Roa, I said you're exasperating. -Nerwen |
12-05-2005, 09:57 PM | #14 |
Shade of Carn Dűm
|
I think I'll go with Gollum.
|
12-06-2005, 10:31 AM | #15 |
Auspicious Wraith
Join Date: May 2002
Location: The Netherlands
Posts: 4,859
|
Gollum, snrk.
Sauron was never a giant eye, but it's true that he couldn't maintain physical form at the Siege because it had been sliced and diced by our heroes. One point: The passage reads "Then Sauron was for that time vanquished" after a sentence including the terms "Sauron also was thrown down" and "Isildur cut the Ruling-ring", so there is no basis in saying that this "vanquished" line supports one or t'other. the phantom makes a good point (*gasp*) when he says that maybe there was no final blow before Sauron decided to leave his body. In The Council, Elrond tells that "Sauron himself was overthrown, and Isildur cut the Ring from his hand..." This seems like good support for not choosing Isildur as the one who delivered the 'final' blow, which I read as that blow which crippled Sauron's body. Fordim, you should have made it a choice between Isildur and Elendil/Gilgalad. Once more you have incurred pettiness at the structure of your polls. You'd think you would have it sorted by now.
__________________
Los Ingobernables de Harlond |
12-06-2005, 11:22 AM | #16 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: Pennsylvania, WtR, passed Sarn Gebir: Above the rapids (1239 miles) BtR, passed Black Rider Stopping Place (31 miles)
Posts: 1,548
|
I was going to abstain, but a key is the improbability of
the very questionable PJ depiction of Sauron losing the Ring. More likely is the Ring being cut off of a finger, with that obviously only practicable when Sauron was "dead." therefore, Elendil/Gilgalad seems the choice, with it being relatively unimportant which one technically got the last "killing" blow in. But since Isildur claimed the Ring as weregild I'll opt for Elendil.
__________________
Aure Entuluva! |
12-06-2005, 01:58 PM | #17 |
Auspicious Wraith
Join Date: May 2002
Location: The Netherlands
Posts: 4,859
|
My, my, that is an excellent point Tuor. I can vote now.
__________________
Los Ingobernables de Harlond |
12-06-2005, 03:24 PM | #18 | |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
Yet that does not mean that Sauron was beyond recovery. His physical body was inhabited by a VERY STRONG soul and therefore one could think that he could recover from many things a human could not and yet the soul chose to leave the body after the ring was cut off. That is, at least, what I understand from the books. So as I said before, Isidur and Elendil might have incapacitated Sauron, but loosing the ring is what made his soul leave the body. |
|
12-07-2005, 12:37 PM | #19 |
Shade of Carn Dűm
|
Really it seems to me as some people dislike Isildur himself and his character. I believe that Isildur delivered the "final" blow and that no-one delivered a killing blow because a child of Illuvatar cannot really destroy a Valar or Maiar with simple weapons. Later, Sauron is destroyed because of the destruction of the Ring, so he could be ~vanquished for a time~ by merely losing the Ring in the Last Alliance. So I voted for Isildur.
About Isildur's character: His behaviour after he acquired the Ring is very poor indeed, but I believe that this is because of his being weak-minded. He had noble intentions beforehand. He, after all, was the one to curse the Dead Men of Dunharrow, and through discussion on that, Isildur had to have either inherent power to curse or the Valar deemed him worthy enough to go through with the action. Obviously, Isildur actions were only a result of his owning the ring. Admitted: His claiming the Ring because of his father's killing the Dark Lord is possible. Convincing, convincing.
__________________
"For with much wisdom comes much sorrow, and with more knowledge comes more grief." |
12-07-2005, 01:25 PM | #20 |
Auspicious Wraith
Join Date: May 2002
Location: The Netherlands
Posts: 4,859
|
So you think Sauron was broken by Isildur cutting his finger off as opposed to Elendil and Gilgalad stabbing him all over his body?
If Isildur took Sauron's ring then Sauron would just take it back, only in this case he couldn't because he was already dead. Hypothetical situation: Imagine Sauron with the One Ring was going about on Mount Doom and Frodo, say, snuck up and pinched it off his finger—would that have killed him? Of course not, and the situations aren't too different. Are they?
__________________
Los Ingobernables de Harlond Last edited by Eomer of the Rohirrim; 12-07-2005 at 01:26 PM. Reason: word choice |
12-07-2005, 01:30 PM | #21 | |||
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
Quote:
Quote:
Last edited by Farael; 12-07-2005 at 01:31 PM. Reason: Typo |
|||
12-07-2005, 01:39 PM | #22 |
Maundering Mage
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Texas
Posts: 4,648
|
It's all semantics. What is the final blow? Was it incapacitating him so that his finger could be cut off or was it killing him? Because if it was killing him then nobody accomplished that on our list but Abercrombie would be correct and it would be Gollum. Now if the final blow is defined as making it so he could be temporarily destroyed then Gil-Galad or Elendil because they were the two that incapacitated him.
__________________
“I wish it need not have happened in my time," said Frodo. "So do I," said Gandalf, "and so do all who live to see such times. But that is not for them to decide. All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us.” |
12-07-2005, 02:15 PM | #23 | |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
I guess we are all agreeing yet thinking of "the final blow" as a different thing. To me is the last blow, the blow that finaly took the life out of Sauron's body (but not his soul, obviously). To others it seems to be.... well, honestly, I'm not sure what they mean by saying that Elendil and Gil-Galad incapacitated Sauron so that Isidur could cut his finger off and therefore it was them who gave the final blow. Could anyone explain their view of a "final blow"? (I'm not being sarcastic or anything like that, I honestly can't understand what they think of as a final blow) |
|
12-07-2005, 03:56 PM | #24 |
Shade of Carn Dűm
|
Well, I'm pretty sure I agree with you Farael, in so far as Isildur's was the last actual physical harm done to Sauron before he vanished, so that is the truly final (last, ending, none coming after) blow. But it is more likely that Elendil or Gil-galad gave the most damaging blow or vicious wound, that counted the most to the destruction of Sauron. I don't agree that Sauron was as incapacitated as you think. If Elendil was capable of nearly killing Sauron with a final blow, then why not his son? I believe that Sauron was weakened after his epic struggle against the Kings of Elves and Men, but no-one should discount the fact that Isildur was a pure Numenorean, and descended from Elvish blood like his father. He could very well have seriously harmed Sauron all by his onesy. He Aragorn's ancestor after all, and who can deny his strength of arms?
To Eomer of the Rohirrim: I have always had a pet theory that when Sauron poured his power into the Ring, he drained himself. When the Ring was taken from him, it would have been as if you had almost killed him. He then needed time to regain strength and recover. That is why in LOTR, it is more important than ever to keep the ring from Sauron because it would have a cumulative effect and give him more power than at The Last Alliance. So yes, soon after the Ring was made, you could have taken the Ring from Sauron and then watched PJ's pretty fireworks (IMO).
__________________
"For with much wisdom comes much sorrow, and with more knowledge comes more grief." Last edited by bilbo_baggins; 12-07-2005 at 04:02 PM. |
12-07-2005, 05:22 PM | #25 | ||
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
Quote:
I do agree with you that Sauron was drained after making the ring and therefore was forced out of his physical body. |
||
12-07-2005, 05:33 PM | #26 | |
Maundering Mage
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Texas
Posts: 4,648
|
Quote:
__________________
“I wish it need not have happened in my time," said Frodo. "So do I," said Gandalf, "and so do all who live to see such times. But that is not for them to decide. All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us.” |
|
12-07-2005, 05:35 PM | #27 | |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
|
|
12-07-2005, 05:43 PM | #28 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Feb 2004
Location: Someday, I'll rule all of it.
Posts: 1,696
|
I guess to sort of restate what Farael is saying: holding a physical body takes a great deal of energy. It's about fighting entropy, which is the natural desire of all matter to be evening spread through out the universe. The fight against entropy is why we require things like food and water, etc. It takes energy.
Now Sauron, being one of the Maiar, had enough power on his own initially to hold a physical form with out any help or energy source. However, when he made the Ring, he poured almost all of his power into it and used it as his energy source, if you will. With out this energy source, he no longer had the power to fight the entropy, and his physical form vanished, like a high energy star turning to a black hole or going nova. So it was the loss of the ring that "killed" him, not the previous blows. While I do think that Elendil and Gil-galad set up Sauron and weakened him, giving Isildur the chance to remove the ring, I don't think they "killed" him. It isn't like Isildur ran up and yelled, "Finders, Keepers!" and took the ring. He had some honor still at that point. I'm certain there was a strugle involved. As bilbo_baggins, Isildur was a warrior, a highly skilled one. That should be taken into account.
__________________
We can't all be Roas when it comes to analysing... -Lommy I didn't say you're evil, Roa, I said you're exasperating. -Nerwen |
12-07-2005, 07:52 PM | #29 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Sep 2005
Location: I don't know. Eastern ME doesn't have maps.
Posts: 527
|
I just think Sauron was already dead. I mean, if he was shot in the head through and through by an archer, he wouldn't be walking around fighting. Besides, if Sauron wasn't already dead, why would Isildur use the hilt-shard of Narsil? There is no mention of his own blade breaking, and if it did, surely he would have used his own sword. If Sauron was still alive, wouldn't it make sence for him(Isildur) to stab Sauron and kill him first? This is just my reasoning.
__________________
"And forth went Morgoth, and he was halted by the elves. Then went Sauron, who was stopped by a dog and then aged men. Finally, there came the Witch-King, who destroyed Arnor, but nobody seems to remember that." -A History of Villains |
12-07-2005, 08:04 PM | #30 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Aug 2005
Location: In a world grown ever smaller.
Posts: 678
|
I agree (probably, i haven't read all the posts :sheepish: ) with most in that there is really no way to tell. first you have to define what actually 'the final blow' looks like. what does 'throwing Sauron down' mean? then you must wade through the Morass of Contradiction, and deside which book you like better.
all in all, i think there is no way to tell. but i will stick with my original image of isildur. so many original images (ei, legolas ) have been wrecked by teh movies, i don't want to lose another one.
__________________
I've got bridge club on Wednesday,
Archery on Thursday, Dancing on a Friday night! |
12-07-2005, 11:26 PM | #31 | ||
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
Quote:
Quote:
|
||
12-08-2005, 01:36 PM | #32 |
Auspicious Wraith
Join Date: May 2002
Location: The Netherlands
Posts: 4,859
|
What if Sauron accidentally dropped the Ring—would that have killed him? Busting out the reductio ad absurdum...
Take this quote from Johnny T. himself. "Gilgalad and Elendil are slain in the act of slaying Sauron." (from a letter) Admittedly, this does not necessarily entail, but it certainly does imply that Gilgalad and Elendil slew Sauron. The way it's worded does suggest this. The final blow I take to mean that blow which finally broke Sauron's body. Oh, and by the way: I'm just guessing that the Kings stabbed Sauron all over his body. It's true that there is no explicit textual evidence to support that but I liked the phrase so that's why I typed it.
__________________
Los Ingobernables de Harlond |
12-08-2005, 01:59 PM | #33 | |
World's Tallest Hobbit
Join Date: Nov 2001
Location: Where the view is long
Posts: 2,117
|
For the argument that Isildur cut the Ring from Sauron's hand after he had been vanquished, I found a quote of Elrond's (an eye-witness, you know... very useful)
Quote:
Now to decide between Elendil and Gil-Galad is a tougher choice. Al I can come up with is that Tolkien keeps mentioning Elendil last... of course that really could mean nothing at all, but in the event of a toss-up, I'll let it decide for me.
__________________
'They say that the One will himself enter into Arda, and heal Men and all the Marring from the beginning to the end." Last edited by Lindolirian; 12-08-2005 at 02:05 PM. |
|
12-14-2005, 12:39 PM | #34 |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: In hospitals, call rooms and (rarely) my apartment.
Posts: 1,538
|
I must say I am proud of always being the first one to admit I'm wrong when proven wrong... problem is, it usually takes A LOT to have me accept that it has been proven that I was mistaken
Anyway, I was re-reading Lord of The Rings and I got to the part in which they are in Rivendel and Elrond tells the story of how Isidur got The Ring. And the way he tells it, it does have me thinking that he took it from the dead or disabled body of Sauron. I should also take a look at The Silmarillion yet I'm not in the mood for re-reading it at the moment. But yes, I must say that it seems that I was mistaken and Sauron was already down when Isidur took the ring. |
12-14-2005, 01:45 PM | #35 |
Auspicious Wraith
Join Date: May 2002
Location: The Netherlands
Posts: 4,859
|
Well, it's by no means definite Farael but we certainly had some good debate.
On a related point, I think I once voted quickly on one of these polls and then changed my mind; of course, you cannot then change your vote. Polls, eh...
__________________
Los Ingobernables de Harlond |
12-14-2005, 02:15 PM | #36 |
Dead Serious
|
This being a Fordhim-posted poll, I think myself fully justified in answering as pedantically as the question allows.
The final blow sustained by Sauron was clearly that of Isildur. Although I would not call it the killing blow, for Sauron was already incapacitated (in my opinion) and not dead (and would not be for 3000 years), it was the final blow to be struck directly against his body. While the the attack by Gil-galad and Elendil can be more directly said to have caused his incapacitation, and while it was Gollum's misstep that actually killed him, the final blow landed on Sauron's body, the last physical hit, came from the hilt-shard of Narsil, wielded by Isildur. (Note: My vote shows my real answer to the spirit, if not the letter, of the questions.)
__________________
I prefer history, true or feigned.
|
12-14-2005, 10:47 PM | #37 | |
Ghost Prince of Cardolan
Join Date: Sep 2005
Location: I don't know. Eastern ME doesn't have maps.
Posts: 527
|
Quote:
About swords holding power, I doubt Isildur's blade was a shoddy piece of steel. Also, from what I have read, Narsil was extremely well crafted and wasn't forged with any magical spells or objects. Besides, at that point he(Isildur) wouldn't care about dropping his sword or picking up his father's blade, he would just be angry that his father died and he would stab the weakened Sauron repeatedly until he(Sauron) was dead, possibly continuing even after Sauron had died. Looking on Isildur's ego and temper, the only reason he would pick up the hilt-shard of Narsil and cut off Sauron's finger was if Sauron was dead. Hey, if a dog's teeth can subdue Sauron, surely a sword held by a prince can do the same, if not more. Also, to everyone who says that Sauron wasn't dead until the ring was destroyed, that statement is composed of ********. If someone loses their body due to, say, multiple stab wounds, they die. If someone loses their body due to old age, they die. Sauron had a body(two in fact) and lost them, so he died. Notice that when he was a spirit he couldn't do anything whatsoever. That doesn't sound like an ainur in pure form to me. This is just my reasoning and I apologize if it offends you.
__________________
"And forth went Morgoth, and he was halted by the elves. Then went Sauron, who was stopped by a dog and then aged men. Finally, there came the Witch-King, who destroyed Arnor, but nobody seems to remember that." -A History of Villains Last edited by The 1,000 Reader; 04-28-2006 at 06:05 PM. |
|
|
|